Based on the sources provided, here is a discussion of the requested terms, including definitions, real-life use cases, and supporting tips:
### **Discussion of Key Web Technologies Terms**
#### **Web Browser**
A web browser is software used to view the output of a given HTML document [1]. It is the region or application environment that displays the output of every HTML application (referred to as a frame) [2].
**Use Case & Tips:**
* **Visualization:** The output of an HTML document can be seen by typing the document's path and its `.HTML` extension onto the address bar of any web browser (such as Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator) [1].
* **Interactivity:** The browser is responsible for making responses (known as **events**) based on a user’s interactions [3-6].
* **Dynamic Content:** Browsers like Internet Explorer are built with a rich set of properties and methods that allow DHTML documents (which combine HTML, JavaScript, CSS, and DOM) to be dynamically constructed and altered for interactive content [7, 8].
* **Tip for Developers:** Web sites should be developed with **portability** in mind so that they can be opened and displayed correctly on any browser [9].
#### **Web Server**
A web server is a machine or system where the execution of a program or script is performed in the context of server-side programming [10, 11]. Web pages related to a website are accessed from the server [12].
**Use Case & Tips:**
* **Handling Form Data:** The submit button in an HTML form sends the data entered into the form to the **web server** [13].
* **Server-Side Logic:** Server-side scripting languages (such as PHP, Perl, and ASP) execute their scripts on the server [11]. Server-side JavaScript allows interaction with the web server, database, and data storage, supporting operations like delete, update, and querying on the database [14].
* **Generating Dynamic Pages:** When a client requests a page containing server-side script (e.g., JSP), the web server directly runs the script to generate a dynamic HTML page, which is then sent to the client browser [14].
* **Data Retrieval:** Client-side JavaScript provides fast retrieval of data from the web server [15].
#### **Web Master**
A specific definition or discussion of the term "Web master" is not present within the provided source material.
#### **Hypertext**
**Hypertext** identifies an electronic document that contains several parts electronically linked together [16]. This contrasts with traditional linear media, such as bound books [16].
**Use Case & Tips:**
* **Nonlinear Navigation:** Hypertext screens enable users to click on highlighted text, maps, or photographs to access corresponding details, which can open new screens that include more hypertext links, forming a chain [17].
* **World Wide Web Standard:** Hypertext systems, or **nonlinear systems**, are considered superior to linear systems because they offer faster and more accurate problem-solving and higher user satisfaction. This approach has been adopted as the standard navigational method in the World Wide Web [12, 17].
#### **DOM (Document Object Model)**
The **Document Object Model (DOM)** is a standard interface utilized by programs or scripts to dynamically alter the contents (arranging, formatting, etc.) of a given web document [18-20]. The DOM itself remains a **language- and platform-independent interface** [19-22].
**Use Case & Tips (Features and Capabilities):**
* **Document Manipulation:** DOM allows users to access all elements of an HTML document [7, 8].
* **Dynamic Changes:** DOM is part of Dynamic HTML (DHTML), which uses DOM along with HTML, JavaScript, and CSS [3, 23, 24]. DOM enables **dynamic modification of elements** after a page has been loaded, including changing text content, properties (like font style), or attributes (like alignment) [7, 8, 25, 26].
* *Real-Life Example:* Using DOM in JavaScript, a user can dynamically change the alignment of a header element (e.g., from left to center) simply by clicking on a corresponding link [7, 25, 27].
* **Handling Events:** DOM effectively deals with events, allowing for responses to user- or browser-specific interactions [28-30].
* **XML Integration (XML DOM):** XML DOM functions as an Application Programming Interface (API) for XML documents, permitting users to access, change, modify, insert, or delete elements within the XML document [21, 22, 31, 32].
#### **BOM (Browser Object Model)**
The term "BOM" or "Browser Object Model" is not defined or discussed in the provided sources. However, the hierarchy for the Document Object Model (DOM) starts at the highest level with the **Window object** [33, 34]. The Window object constitutes subcomponents, including the Document object, which is paramount to the DOM structure [34].
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**Analogy for DOM:**
The Document Object Model (DOM) functions like a highly detailed, digital blueprint of a house. When you want to repaint a wall (change a style), open a window (show an element), or change the text on a sign outside (modify content), you don't have to tear down the entire house and rebuild it. Instead, you use the blueprint (the DOM interface) and specific tools (scripts like JavaScript) to target that individual wall, window, or sign and change it dynamically, instantly, and precisely [18, 20].
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